Again, this is clearly an opinion fostered by the oil industry to cast doubts on a competitor. You also rarely see those who come up with this argument posing the same one against the batteries in their phones or laptops. The questionable work practices around cobalt mining in the Congo is another criticism leveled at BEVs, but cobalt is also used in the desulphurization of petroleum, so the oil industry is hardly innocent in this one either. While most hydrogen is made from methane, fuel cell cars are less green than plug-in hybrids. Hydrogen tanks also generate about as much CO2 during production as batteries. If you dig further into the ICCT report, you will see that hydrogen fuel cell cars, which are currently mostly powered by hydrogen generated from methane steam reforming, are more polluting than a plug-in hybrid, although FCEVs like BEVs will benefit as more renewable energy sources come online and hydrogen production switches to electrolysis. In contrast, the emissions from internal combustion cars won’t drop that much over the next decade.
With BEVs, as grids get cleaner – which they will – even existing vehicles will fall in energy production emissions, and battery production emissions for new BEVs will too. But that is still a considerable saving in emissions. In China, the BEV produces more like 60% of internal combustion. The average in Europe is about three times less CO2 over the lifetime of the BEV, and in the United States the figure is still less than half, despite America’s dirtier grid. However, extensive research by the International Council on Clean Transport (ICCT) has shown that no matter where in the world a BEV is made and charged, it’s still much less polluting over its lifetime than internal combustion. The Australian grid, for example, is nearly three times dirtier than the UK electricity emissions average, and China is similarly polluting to Australia. This, in turn, varies greatly on where the BEVs were made and where they get their electricity from.
It does make BEVs generate more emissions than fossil fuel cars during the production stage. We should not be under any illusion that the manufacturing of batteries is insignificant. It’s a very similar situation to how the tobacco industry hid that it knew smoking causes cancer. A report in 2019 from InfluenceMap argued that the five largest publicly traded oil and gas companies invested over $1 billion between 20 alone on “misleading climate-related branding and lobbying”. In fact, a detailed report based on old documents has shown that the oil industry has known about the role of its products in climate change since at least 1959, but has chosen to hide this and instead spend money on denial. And that’s the reason why he is so popular with artists - Mozart’s opera Don Giovanni (by far the most popular in the Western canon), Lord Byron’s epic poem “Don Juan”, Moliere’s comedy Don Juan or The Feast With the Statue to Pet Shop Boys’ “Don Juan”.It’s not surprising that there is serious pushback from the fossil fuel industry incumbents. Sexual pleasure is a part of his search for total freedom. In his search for pleasure he takes on the church (read religion), state and social morality. But on a subliminal level he is the archetype rebel.
#DON JUAN FONT LOOK ALIKE SERIAL#
But is that reason enough for a fictional character to live this long in popular psyche? Don Juan is synonymous with serial lover. Sure his main traits of a libertine and womaniser have made him the role model of generations of males. Much can be read of Venetian society in particular, and European in general, from the original 12-volume autobiography.ĭon Juan: For a character that was created in 1630, it is surprising that Don Juan has survived this long. His memoirs - History of My Life - show a ready wit and eye for social detail. He was a spy, soldier, alchemist and musician. (Two centuries later a Welsh actor trumped the tally between 19, it is reported that Richard Burton slept with 2,500 women.)īut Casanova was more than just a womaniser and gambler. And while on his peregrinations, he claimed, he slept with 132 women! No wonder his acquaintances called him the Napoleon of Fornication. Born to actor parents, he travelled widely across Europe. His looks and eclectic intellectual pursuits no doubt helped. Casanova: Once upon a time, back in the 18th century, lived a man who used his charms to seduce women.
0 kommentar(er)
